Andriy_Ivanushcun

Position: Recruitment officer

Joined: 2024-04-06

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	8545		0		7		181
Ø Tier	8,10		0,00		10,00		9,36
Victories	3806	44,54%	0	0,00%	2	28,57%	82	45,30%
Defeats	4613	53,98%	0	0,00%	5	71,43%	94	51,93%
Draws	126	1,47%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	5	2,76%
Battles survived	1442	16,88%	0	0,00%	1	14,29%	32	17,68%
Tanks destroyed	4098	0,48	0	0,00	0	0,00	81	0,45
Destruction ratio	0,58		0,00		0,00		0,54
Tanks spotted	9067	1,06	0	0,00	8	1,14	187	1,03
Damage dealt	846,48		0,00		884,29		1.168,41
Capture points	4160	0,49	0	0,00	0	0,00	114	0,63
Defense points	1447	0,17	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	481,97		0,00		529,14		625,12
WN7	650,19		0,00		167,83		641,02
WN8	701,93		0,00		354,75		793,84
WN9	422,21		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	8545
Ø Tier	8,10
Victories	3806	44,54%
Defeats	4613	53,98%
Draws	126	1,47%
Battles survived	1442	16,88%
Tanks destroyed	4098	0,48
Destruction ratio	0,58
Tanks spotted	9067	1,06
Damage dealt	846,48
Capture points	4160	0,49
Defense points	1447	0,17
Experience	481,97
WN7	650,19
WN8	701,93

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	7
Ø Tier	10,00
Victories	2	28,57%
Defeats	5	71,43%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	1	14,29%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	8	1,14
Damage dealt	884,29
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	529,14
WN7	167,83
WN8	354,75

Past 30 days
Battles	181
Ø Tier	9,36
Victories	82	45,30%
Defeats	94	51,93%
Draws	5	2,76%
Battles survived	32	17,68%
Tanks destroyed	81	0,45
Destruction ratio	0,54
Tanks spotted	187	1,03
Damage dealt	1.168,41
Capture points	114	0,63
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	625,12
WN7	641,02
WN8	793,84

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	1		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	1	100,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	1	1,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	334,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	84,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	1
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	1	100,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	1	1,00
Damage dealt	334,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	84,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (77)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
Leopard 1	10	1167,33	494	1451	44,73%	700,16
113 Beijing Opera	10	1236,61	571	1044	42,62%	777,86
T-34-85	6	568,55	413	1023	44,57%	976,33
Leopard Prototyp A	9	711,83	469	461	41,21%	390,98
T57 Heavy	10	1338,78	571	326	45,09%	825,86
T54E1	9	927,00	570	307	47,23%	657,50
Indien-Panzer	8	409,78	375	305	36,07%	202,30
BZ-75	10	1447,71	619	291	48,45%	920,98
M4A3(76)W Sherman	6	546,69	413	234	41,88%	697,54
Tiger (P)	7	991,80	565	231	47,19%	1244,38
FV601 Saladin	8	622,75	497	216	46,30%	555,59
P.43 ter	7	690,14	492	188	44,15%	917,21
VK 30.02 (M)	6	519,39	407	177	44,63%	781,59
VK 30.02 (D)	7	342,47	416	144	54,17%	378,63
BZ-68	9	1222,65	572	143	39,86%	876,46
T20	7	525,24	476	121	43,80%	557,91
T3E2 Medium Tank	3	270,06	334	119	61,34%	1183,62
VK 30.01 (H)	5	453,10	293	117	46,15%	927,96
Prototipo Standard B	9	739,07	496	108	38,89%	379,12
25TP KSUST II	5	513,57	378	108	51,85%	1160,89
T69	8	566,10	575	101	44,55%	502,92
BZ-58	7	575,15	471	93	32,26%	447,26
FV215b (183)	10	1019,89	464	87	47,13%	541,81
P.44 Pantera	8	646,99	541	78	46,15%	606,18
BZ-166	8	809,97	584	59	40,68%	653,69
AMX 13 105 AM mle. 50	5	268,07	218	55	40,00%	306,48
Leopard 120 Verbessert	11	768,53	526	53	41,51%	300,02
AMX 50 B	10	1096,38	469	52	34,62%	508,40
Type 58	6	549,25	520	51	47,06%	880,51
FSV Scheme A	7	530,80	497	50	50,00%	647,08
P.43 bis	6	497,72	467	47	36,17%	703,33
Bat.-Châtillon 25 t	10	1124,36	582	45	44,44%	686,74
P.43	5	295,91	303	44	50,00%	607,50
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J	4	271,17	312	41	48,78%	613,24
Ares 85	9	804,81	632	36	52,78%	570,78
T6 Medium	4	262,53	226	36	44,44%	441,84
AMX 105 AM mle. 47	4	307,64	176	33	27,27%	874,75
Tiger 131	6	535,88	544	32	53,13%	787,72
M4A3E8 Sherman	6	436,31	462	29	55,17%	751,87
Type T-34	5	516,96	444	27	51,85%	1301,01
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. E	3	368,15	291	27	48,15%	1151,32
Ares 75	8	902,15	708	26	53,85%	1035,63
Staghound Mk. III	6	465,54	491	26	50,00%	699,08
14TP	4	325,04	397	24	66,67%	1370,87
M4A1 Sherman	5	304,30	415	23	56,52%	711,82
Object 268 Version V	10	1016,05	610	22	50,00%	570,80
ARMT	5	402,79	331	19	52,63%	829,32
VK 30.01 (P)	6	527,32	515	19	52,63%	753,41
AEC Armoured Car	5	484,63	451	16	43,75%	983,12
GSOR the TANK	9	670,40	365	15	33,33%	350,95
P26/40	4	466,50	277	14	42,86%	1253,20
Cobra	9	998,57	567	14	35,71%	577,07
M3 Stuart	3	214,50	188	14	42,86%	673,74
Strv m/38	2	215,67	238	12	58,33%	846,92
Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. H	5	537,45	472	11	27,27%	1136,98
Somua SAu 40	4	86,91	190	11	45,45%	59,49
AMX 13 75	7	279,18	405	11	45,45%	343,76
T26E3 Eagle 7	7	507,70	307	10	50,00%	464,90
Cruiser Mk. IV	4	343,38	238	8	12,50%	838,78
Bat.-Châtillon 12 t	8	336,00	323	7	28,57%	276,32
M15/42	3	358,86	266	7	57,14%	1226,01
Somua S35	3	261,17	254	6	83,33%	762,30
K-91-PT	9	678,83	460	6	66,67%	570,44
Fantôme	9	1142,80	636	5	60,00%	974,68
Cruiser Mk. II	2	23,60	78	5	40,00%	4,71
M60	10	1182,00	546	4	50,00%	693,73
M14/41	2	253,25	110	4	0,00%	725,65
Object 703 Version II	8	576,00	211	2	0,00%	297,96
AMX 50 100	8	300,00	413	2	50,00%	155,57
CS-52 LIS	8	480,50	147	2	0,00%	209,93
T1E6	2	561,50	314	2	0,00%	3197,84
AMX ELC 901	6	539,00	459	2	50,00%	1297,40
TS-5	8	1747,00	1033	2	100,00%	2368,27
Cruiser Mk. I	1	92,00	116	1	100,00%	462,15
Vz. 60S Dravec	10	945,00	395	1	0,00%	259,80
Char Mle. 75	9	192,00	825	1	100,00%	261,00
Waffenträger auf E 100	10	1093,00	806	1	100,00%	629,25

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[ABAHC] ✘ ABAHC ✘

Position: Recruitment officer

Joined: 2024-04-06

[ABAHC] ✘ ABAHC ✘

Position: Recruitment officer

Joined: 2024-04-06

Left: 2024-12-24

Andriy_Ivanushcun

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (77)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history